نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 پژوهشگر دکتری معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین، ایران
2 دانشیار گروه معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران
چکیده
تازه های تحقیق
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Cultural Landscape, as a dynamic, multilayered, and flexible concept shaped by the dialectical interaction between humans and nature across time and space, encompasses tangible elements, intangible aspects, and perceptual dimensions. It holds a prominent position in architectural, urban planning, and cultural heritage studies. This research aims to redefine the identity of the cultural landscape and identify its key components through a mixed-method and interdisciplinary approach. The methodology includes a systematic literature review, historical-theoretical analysis, evaluation of general definitions provided by artificial intelligences (ChatGPT, Google Gemini, Microsoft Bing, DeepSeek, and Grok), and semi-structured interviews with experts.
The findings reveal the cultural landscape as an adaptive system reflecting the history, culture, and choices of communities, providing a platform for preserving biocultural diversity, reinforcing collective identity, and promoting sustainable development. Five key components were identified: 1) Human–nature interaction; 2) Historical dimensions; 3) Symbolic values; 4) Mental perceptions; and 5) Functional aspects. Human–nature interaction, as the central core, encompasses the other components as interconnected layers.
The proposed conceptual model visually organizes this structure and provides a coherent framework for interdisciplinary studies, architectural design, urban planning, and cultural heritage conservation. Practical recommendations include designing public spaces that preserve human–nature interactions and historical elements, enhancing mental experiences and collective identity through multilayered spaces, reinforcing symbolic values for social belonging, and functional planning for sustainable development. Future research directions focus on emerging technologies (AI for mental perception studies), local–global comparative studies, and sustainable conservation tools with community participation.
Ultimately, by integrating diverse data, this research presents the cultural landscape as a mirror of human–nature interactions and a dynamic platform for both world heritage and contemporary communities.
کلیدواژهها [English]
UNESCO World Heritage Centre. (2025). Cultural landscapes. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Retrieved November 14, 2025, from https://whc.unesco.org/en/culturallandscape