تحلیل تحول مفهومی سلامت در شهرها با تمرکز بر شهر 15 دقیقه

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری برنامه ریزی اجتماعی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران

2 استاد، گروه برنامه ریزی اجتماعی.، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

شهرهای وابسته به خودرو پیامدهای مخربی نظیر گسترش بی‌رویه، کاهش تنوع زیستی و افت کیفیت زندگی را به همراه داشته‌اند. مدل شهر ۱۵دقیقه‌ای به‌عنوان راهکاری نوین، بر بهبود کیفیت محیط ساخته‌شده و ارتقای عدالت فضایی از طریق کاهش وابستگی به خودرو، تقویت پیاده‌مداری و دوچرخه‌سواری تأکید دارد. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی تحول مفهوم سلامت عمومی با تمرکز بر نقش مدل شهر ۱۵دقیقه‌ای در ارتقای پایداری شهری در دوران پساکرونا انجام شده است. مطالعه از نوع مرور سیستماتیک بیبلیومتریک است و با تحلیل ۱۵۶ مقاله منتشر‌شده در بازۀ ۲۰۰۰ تا ۲۰۲۵، از ابزارهایی مانند VOSviewer و SciMAT برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها و روندهای موضوعی استفاده کرده است. تحقیقات به سه دورۀ زمانی تقسیم شده‌اند. دورۀ اول (۲۰۰۰ تا ۲۰۱۰) ؛ تأکید بر تشویق فعالیت بدنی برای بهبود کیفیت زندگی سالمندان، دورۀ دوم (۲۰۱۰ تا ۲۰۱۸) ؛ گسترش عدالت اجتماعی و برنامه‌ریزی محله‌محور و دورۀ سوم (۲۰۱۸ تا ۲۰۲۵) ؛ اهمیت مشارکت اجتماعی و نقش عوامل فرهنگی در توسعۀ پایدار است. همچنین، تحلیل‌ها پنج خوشۀ موضوعی کلیدی شامل شهر پانزده‌دقیقه‌ای و دسترس‌پذیری شهری، محیط‌ ساخته‌شده و روان‌شناسی محیطی، سلامت عمومی و ریسک‌های مرتبط، فعلیت فیزیکی و سلامتی، حمل‌ونقل و سیاست‌گذاری را شناسایی کردند. این تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که مدل شهر ۱۵دقیقه‌ای می‌تواند با ادغام رویکردهای سلامت عمومی و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، نابرابری‌ها را کاهش و پایداری شهری را در همۀ ابعاد ارتقا دهد. پیشنهاد می‌شود تا مطالعات بیشتری دربارۀ تأثیر بلندمدت این مدل در مناطق مختلف جغرافیایی و تحلیل موانع اجرایی آن صورت گیرد.

تازه های تحقیق

  • مرور کتاب‌سنجی ۱۵۶ مقاله دربارۀ سلامت شهری و شهر ۱۵دقیقه‌ای ( 2000 –۲۰۲۵).
  • تقسیم مطالعات به سه دورۀ زمانی با تغییر تمرکز بر فعالیت بدنی، عدالت و مشارکت.
  • شناسایی پنج خوشۀ موضوعی کلیدی مانند دسترسی‌پذیری شهری و سلامت عمومی.
  • الگوی شهر ۱۵دقیقه‌ای نابرابری‌ها را کاهش داده و پایداری شهری را تقویت می‌کند.
  • توصیه به انجام مطالعات بلندمدت دربارۀ تأثیرات این الگو در مناطق جغرافیایی متنوع.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of the Thematic Evolution of Health in Cities with a Focus on the 15-Minute City

نویسندگان [English]

  • Faezeh Mohammadi sheshkal 1
  • Mahmoud Jomehpour 2
1 PhD Student in Social Planning, Faculty of Social Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Professor, Department of Social Planning, Faculty of Social Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Car-dependent urban structures have led to negative outcomes such as sprawl, biodiversity loss, and diminished quality of life. The 15-minute city model emerges as an innovative strategy to enhance the built environment and spatial equity by minimizing car dependency and promoting walking and cycling. This abridged paper examines the conceptual evolution of public health in urban contexts, emphasizing the 15-minute city's role in fostering urban sustainability post-COVID-19. Employing a systematic bibliometric review, the study analyzes 156 articles from 2000 to 2025 using VOSviewer and SciMAT for trend mapping and thematic analysis. The research divides into three periods: 2000–2010, focusing on physical activity for elderly quality of life; 2010–2018, emphasizing social equity and neighborhood planning; and 2018–2025, highlighting social participation and cultural factors in sustainable development. Key thematic clusters identified include: 15-minute city and urban accessibility, built environment and environmental psychology, public health and risks, physical activity and health, and transportation and policy. Findings indicate that the 15-minute city integrates public health and urban planning to reduce inequalities and boost sustainability across dimensions. The model encourages active transport, lowers environmental impacts, and improves mental and physical health by ensuring essential services are within a 15-minute walk or cycle. However, challenges like implementation barriers in diverse geographies persist. Recommendations include longitudinal studies on long-term effects and obstacle analyses in various regions. This review provides a comprehensive overview for researchers, aiding in identifying emerging trends and fostering healthier, equitable urban futures.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Public Health
  • 15-Minute City
  • Post-COVID Era
  • Urban Sustainability
  • Bibliometric Analysis

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 04 شهریور 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 20 مهر 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 06 آبان 1404
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 18 دی 1404
  • تاریخ انتشار: 30 دی 1404

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