Locating Suitable Public Spaces for the Formation of Urban Art: A Case Study of Jahanshahr Neighborhood, Karaj

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Master of Urban Design, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Urban Planning, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran

3 Professor, Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran

Abstract

Art has always sought to engage with citizens and enhance the quality of urban civic life by integrating into urban and public spaces. Accordingly, this study aims to identify the influential components of public art and propose urban design considerations and strategies to improve the quality of urban spaces. The primary objective of the research is to investigate how public art influences the quality of urban spaces.

This study is applied in its purpose and employs a descriptive-analytical methodology, conducted in the Jahanshahr neighborhood of Karaj. Through a review of theoretical studies, key components such as activity and social interaction, visual identity, legibility, imageability and mental comfort, accessibility and permeability, and sense of place were identified. Data collection was conducted using questionnaires.

The first questionnaire targeted urban planning specialists, with a sample size of 30 selected through the snowball sampling technique. The second questionnaire targeted residents of Jahanshahr neighborhood. Based on the neighborhood's population (33,000), the Cochran formula was used to determine a sample size of 380 respondents.

To analyze the specialists' responses, the Analytic Network Process (ANP) was employed, while citizens' responses were analyzed using multivariate linear regression in AMOS software. The findings indicate that "activity and social interaction" (0.69) and "imageability and mental comfort" (0.64) were the most influential factors on urban space quality, as determined by their highest factor loadings. Additionally, Fateh Garden was identified as the most suitable location in terms of urban space quality using the Analytic Network Process.

Highlights

  • Public art can significantly contribute to enhancing the quality of urban spaces, provided it is implemented based on clear criteria and urban design principles.
  • Fat'h Garden in Jahanshahr, Karaj, were identified as the most suitable locations for public art projects.
  • Many rigid and neglected facades in the area offer potential canvases for murals and artistic designs.
  •  Incorporating water, light, and sound in public art can enhance social interactions, spatial identity, and sensory richness.
  •  Public art is not just an aesthetic element; it plays a crucial role in social, functional, and identity-building aspects of urban spaces

Keywords

References

  • Abu Bakar, N. I., Mansor, M., & Harun, N. Z. (2014). Vertical greenery system as public art? Possibilities and challenges in Malaysian urban context. 230-241.
  • Amnuay-ngerntra, S. (2016). Community development through public art event in Ratchaburi, Thailand. In Managing and developing communities, festivals and events (pp. 90-102). Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Bahrami Niko, M., & Sajadzadeh, H. (2018). The role of public art in creating urban places: A case study of Mellat Park and Ab-o-Atash Park in Tehran. Armanshahr Architecture & Urban Development, 11(23), 147-158. [in persian].
  • Baklien, B. (2000). Culture and art contribute to the solution of many problems in society. 235-257.
  • Becker, J. (2004). Public art: An essential component of creating communities. 1-16.
  • Berg, I. U., & Larsen, H. (2024). Public art and private wealth: The controversial collaboration between the national museum in Norway and Fredriksen Family Art Company Ltd. Museum Management and Curatorship, 1-18.
  • Galchynska, O., Filonenko, L., Lozev, R., Sydor, M., & Drotenko, V. (2024). Public art as a driver of change: Exploring its socio-political impact in the modern era. Revista Amazonia Investiga, 13(79), 217-231.
  • Grove, L. (2009). London Borough of Lewisham public art strategy. 1-40.
  • Guetzkow, J. (2015). Democracy and public policy in an age of inequality. 17-40.
  • Halim, W. (2010). Role of public art in urban environment: A case study of mural art in Yogyakarta City. 1-107.
  • Jasmi, F. (2016). Strategically designed landscaping around houses produce an extensive cooling effect. 693-701.
  • Kana, K. (2012). An experiment in urban regeneration using culture and art in Senba, Osaka’s historic urban center, with a focus on the regeneration of urban space. City, Culture and Society, 3(2), 151-163.
  • Karimimoshaver, M., Eris, B., Aram, F., & Mosavi, A. (2021). Art in urban spaces. Sustainability, 13(10), 1-19.
  • Kim, J. Y. (2015). Urban regeneration utilizing art: A case study of the Samlye Art Village, Korea. International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering, 10(11), 337-342.
  • Matarasso, F. (1997). Use or ornament: The social impact of participation in the arts. 1-111.
  • Matthews, T., & Gadaloff, S. (2022). Public art for placemaking and urban renewal: Insights from three regional Australian cities. Cities, 127, 103747.
  • Mirmangareh, A. (2017). Urban art as a fundamental pillar of contemporary art. Tandis Art & Architecture, (23-25). [in persian].
  • Mitrachea, G. (2012). Architecture, art, public space. Social and Behavioral Sciences, 562-566.
  • Ni, Y., & Teng, Y. (2012). Analysis on the interaction of public art in different areas of city. 391-396.
  • Nordau, M. (2012). Art history supplement, 1-55.
  • Ochoa, R. (2022). The “Expo” and the post-“Expo”: The role of public art in urban regeneration processes in the late 20th century. Sustainability, 14(2), 1-11.
  • Omar, S. S., Sakip, S. R. M., & Akhir, N. M. (2016). Bringing the new to the old: Urban regeneration through public arts. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 234, 515-524.
  • Ozsoy, A., & Bayram, B. (2007, June). The role of public art for improving the quality of public places in the residential environment. In ENHR International Conference: Sustainable Urban Areas, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
  • Remesar, A. (2011). Public art, strategies for the regeneration of public space. 36-89.
  • Sheng, Z. (2015). Towards outperforming conventional sensor arrays with fabricated individual photonic vapour sensors inspired by Morpho butterflies. 1-12.
  • Ursic, M. (2012). City as a work of art: Influence of public art in the city. 1-94.
  • Xie, L., Zhou, J., & Liu, K. (2022). The application of public art design based on digital technology in urban landscape environmental monitoring. Journal of Environmental and Public Health, 2022(1), 1-11.
  • Yang, Z., Jian, I., & Siu, K. (2023). Public art, public space and service design: Communication between artists and audience. In Human Factors in Communication of Design, 90, 31-41.
  • Yin, S., Deng, B., & Zhao, D. (2022). Public art plan of smart industrial area in China. Arts Studies and Criticism, 3(1), 80-86.
  • Yu, Y. (2022). Evaluating teaching quality in colleges and universities of public art education using the AHP fuzzy comprehensive method. Scientific Programming, 2022(1), 1-10.
  • Zebracki, M., & Xiao, M. (2021). The landscape of public art research: A knowledge map analysis. The Professional Geographer, 73(3), 481-495.
  • Zheng, J. (2017). Contextualizing public art production in China: The urban sculpture planning system in Shanghai. 89-101.
  • Zhou, P., & Fu, Z. (2017). Discussion on the dynamic construction of urban public space with interactive public art. 495-505.
Iranian Urban Design Studies
Volume 1, Issue 2 - Serial Number 2
January 2025
Pages 299-320

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 09 October 2024
  • Revise Date: 12 November 2024
  • Accept Date: 13 December 2024
  • First Publish Date: 20 January 2025
  • Publish Date: 20 January 2025

Share

How to cite

Statistics