Strategic Planning of Urban Spaces to Enhance Citizens’ Sense of Place Attachment; Case Study: Imam Khomeini Street, Qazvin

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Master student of Urban planning, Faculty of Architecture & Urban Development, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Urban Planning, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Imam Khomeini International University (IKIU), Qazvin, Iran.

3 Ph.D student of urban planning, Faculty of Architecture & Urban Development, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran

Abstract

Place attachment is recognized as one of the most essential factors in urban space planning. Emphasizing this concept—particularly in the design of spaces such as streets—plays a vital role in enhancing urban vitality and improving the overall quality of the urban environment. Urban planning, as a key instrument for shaping the physical form and identity of cities, significantly contributes to strengthening this sense. This study aims to identify the main factors influencing place attachment and examine them within the context of Imam Khomeini Street, located in the Imamzadeh Hossein district of Qazvin’s District 1.
To achieve this, a conceptual model was developed through a review of theoretical literature. Field surveys and structured questionnaires were conducted, and data were analyzed using SPSS with descriptive and inferential statistical methods, including the one-sample t-test. The SWOT analysis technique was then applied to formulate a vision, objectives, strategies, and policies aligned with the identified factors and theoretical findings. Finally, using the results of internal and external environmental assessments and the Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM), proposed strategies were prioritized, and a strategic plan for the area was designed.
Identifying the factors influencing place attachment helps strengthen urban identity, spatial quality, and social interaction. The findings indicate that the most influential environmental variables include accessibility and legibility, social security, memorability, interaction, human scale and proportion, diversity of activities, distinctive natural or built elements, and urban furniture. These variables can be categorized into three main dimensions: perceptual–cognitive, socio–cultural, and physical–environmental. Ultimately, integrating community needs and preferences into the planning and design process can create urban spaces that are not only visually appealing but also foster deeper emotional connections between citizens and their surroundings, reinforcing the sense of place attachment.

Highlights

  • The study aims to enhance the sense of place attachment along Imam Khomeini Street in Qazvin by emphasizing perceptual, social, and physical dimensions.
  • The integration of SWOT and QSPM models provides an effective framework for developing and prioritizing strategies to improve urban spaces.
  • The findings show that accessibility, memorability, and the diversity of activities are among the most influential factors in enhancing the sense of urban belonging.

Keywords

References

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Iranian Urban Design Studies
Volume 2, Issue 2 - Serial Number 4
January 2026
Pages 25-46

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History

  • Receive Date: 14 April 2025
  • Revise Date: 01 June 2025
  • Accept Date: 16 June 2025
  • First Publish Date: 30 December 2025
  • Publish Date: 20 January 2026

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