Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Azarshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Azarshahr, Iran.
2
Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Ta.C., Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
10.22099/iuds.2026.56076.1205
Abstract
The presence and mobility independence of the elderly are key pillars of urban quality of life; however, urbanization and neglect of their sensory, cognitive, and motor needs have marginalized them from public spaces. This study aims to investigate the impact of biophilic urban space on the presence and mobility independence of the elderly on Taghebostan Boulevard in Kermanshah. This research adopts a quantitative approach with a correlational method. Data were collected through a survey using a questionnaire. Effective biophilic components, including 20 variables within three factors—sensory-perceptual, physical-functional, and psycho-social—were extracted from literature and expert opinions and designed as a researcher-made questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale, completed by 200 elderly individuals. Data were analyzed using SPSS and statistical tests including Kolmogorov-Smirnov (normality testing), Spearman correlation, Mann-Whitney U, and Cronbach's alpha. Findings showed the highest mean satisfaction related to the presence of other elderly (4.23) and flowing water (4.11), while the lowest related to public toilets (2.87) and natural pavement texture (3.08). The psycho-social factor (0.86), sensory-perceptual (0.82), and physical-functional (0.76) had the greatest impact on presence, respectively. Mean satisfaction with mobility independence was 3.59 out of 5, with no significant difference between elderly women and men. Taghebostan Boulevard has favorable sensory-natural richness, but weaknesses in perceived safety, climatic shelters, and sanitary services are the main obstacles to elderly mobility independence. Improving pavement with natural materials, constructing semi-open shelters, and enhancing path safety are intervention priorities.
Keywords
)